Power Equipment Models

A comprehensive suite of power equipment models and libraries is available in PowerFactory, to enable the modelling of all network elements, together with controllers and protection devices.  

  • Large and comprehensive Equipment Type Library, fully version-controlled with regular model updates
  • Synchronous machines: motor/generator, selectable complexity (classical, standard (2.2), Model 3.3, asynchronous starting, permanent magnet synchronous machine and GENQEC)
  • Asynchronous machines: motor/generator, standard (single- or double-cage IM), saturable (single-cage IM) and doubly-fed IM; machine parameter identification
  • Static generator for generic modelling of wind- and PV-generators, fuel cells, micro-turbines, batteries, general storage devices, etc.; support of wind power curve for wind-generators in load flow
  • Dedicated PV system model with integrated power calculation based on solar radiation (for Load Flow and Quasi-Dynamic Simulation)
  • PV Panel model with two DC connections
  • Maximum power point tracker (MPPT controller) model for use with PV converter
  • External grid model for simple representation of external supply system
  • Simple and complex load models, including options for Q(V) and Q(P) control
  • Moving train model for the simulation of railway systems in single phase AC systems and in DC systems
  • AC or DC overhead lines (OHL): definition using electrical data or tower geometries, support for line couplings with shared rights of way (including AC/DC towers), electrical parameter calculation for tower geometry, lumped- (PI) and distributed parameter models (options include: constant parameter, frequency dependent modal domain, frequency dependent phase domain), support for all calculation functions (load flow, harmonics, RMS, EMT, etc.) and power systems studies (power flow, transient stability, TRV, OHL energisation, reactor switching, lightning, etc)
  • AC or DC cable systems: definition using electrical data or cable geometry (single- or multi-core), support of cable couplings (including AC/DC cable systems), lumped- and distributed parameter models (constant parameter, frequency dependent phase domain), support for all calculation functions (load flow, harmonics, RMS, EMT) and power systems studies (power flow, transient stability, TRV evaluation, cable energisation, etc.).
  • Busbar trunking systems: simplified and detailed diagrams, single-, double- and 1 ½ -busbar system, with/without tie breaker, with/without bypass
  • Transformers: 2-, 3- and 4-winding transformer/auto transformer, booster transformer
  • Modelling of HVDC systems: line-commutated converters (LCC), capacitor-commutated converter (CCC), two-level (2L) voltage source converter (VSC), half- (HB) and full-bridge (FB) modular multilevel converter (MMC), pulse generator
  • Support of HVDC-MMC models type 3 (highly detailed, based on simplified switchable resistances) up to 7 (RMS-load flow) according to CIGRE (TB 604)
  • Representation of various power electronics (PE) based equipment using built-in models: PWM Converter, line commutated rectifier/inverter, motor soft-starter, DC-DC converter
    • EMT modelling of any user-defined PE topology using individual components (AC-DC interconnector, diode, IGBT, thyristor, half- and full-bridge MMC valves, inductive DC-coupling)
    • Containment of EMT user-defined PE equipment models within sub-models, allowing simple and unified single line diagrams with all other calculation functions
  • Static var compensation (SVC), thyristor controlled series compensation (TCSC), static synchronous series compensation (SSSC), shunt/filter models, and harmonic filters (single- and ­double-tuned, high pass)
  • Other network branch models: step-voltage regulator, series reactor, series capacitor, common impedance, circuit breaker model (TRV curve, SF6 arcing model), fault-current limiter, duplex reactor, etc.
  • Further network models: AC/DC voltage/current sources, DC Battery, DC machine, DC load, Fourier and harmonic signals, impulse current source
  • Support of discrete-time modelling using the Modelica Simulation Language
  • FMU export of Modelica models1
  • Signal analysis models: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis
  • Protection devices: highly customisable relay models with over 30 basic function blocks; comprehensive relay library for static and dynamic calculation functions
  • Controller models such as station and secondary controller including various control methods, transformer tap controller, virtual power plants, load flow capability curves for generators
  • Time and Time-Profile Characteristics for simplified modelling of (recurrent) time series
  • Parameter characteristics (scaling factor, vector, matrix, files) for modelling of load profiles, wind/PV infeed, temperature dependencies, etc.
  • Composite models for branch and node models, including ­template library for handling composite models
  • Grid organisation and element grouping (zones, areas, ­boundaries, circuits, routes, feeders, operators, owners, etc.)

1 Requires FMU Model Export licence

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